Summary of Section 5.3 ;)

unsaturated fat

saturated fat

-=Fats, Lipids and Steroids=-

-=Lipids=-

definition: one of a class of water-avoiding compounds

-lipids act as a wall that surrounds and contains aqueous contents in your cells 

-other lipids molecules circulate in your body as chemical signals to cells 

-some other lipids can be known as fat, which stores energy in your body

hydrophobic: a characteristic of avoiding water molecules

-this is important for the fuctioning of lipids

-=Fats=-

definition: organic compound consisting of glycerol attached to three fatty acids

-some fats can be solid at room temperature

-other can be liquids at room temperature (oils)

-store energy for later use

-fatty tissues cushion the body's organs 

-provides insulation

-if consumed in huge amounts, then its unhealthy (can have heart disease)

saturated fat: a fat which all three fatty acid chains contain the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms

examples: lard, butter

unsaturated fat: a fat that contains less than the maximum number of hydrogen atoms in one of more of its fatty acids chains

-this is because some of its carbon atoms are double-bonded to each other 

examples: fats in fruits, fish, and vegetables, corn oil, olive oil, vegetable oil..etc

-=Steroids=-

definition: a lipid molecule in which the carbon skeleton forms four fused rings 

-all have a core set of four rings

-differ in the kinds and locations of fuctional groups attached to rings

-are classifies as lipids 

-hydrophobic

-some steroids circulate in body as chemical signals

Cholesterol: an essential molecule found in membranes that surround your cells

-starting point from which body produces other other steroids

-high levels of certain cholesterol in the blood can increase cardivascular diseease. (heart and vessel)

Concept Check:

1.What property do lipids share?

Lipids are all hydrophobic.

2.What are the parts of a fat molecule?

Glycerol(three carbon backbone) attached to three fatty acids which contain hydrocarbon chains.

 

3.Describe two ways that steroids differ from fats.

a)the structure of fats is different from steroids as fats have a three-carbon backbone and steroids have four fused carbon rings 

b)steroids circulate in your body as chemical signals while fats are store energy for later use and cushion your organs.

4.What does the term unsaturated fat on a food label mean?

It means that it contains the less than the maximum number of hydrogen atoms in one or more fatty acid chains.